EFFECTIVENESS OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT ON FLOOD CONTROL IN BARANGAY KASIGLAHAN, RODRIGUEZ, RIZAL

Abstract

Floods are one of the most common and devastating natural disasters, affecting millions of people worldwide each year. According to the United Nations, floods account for 40% of all natural disasters, causing more than 5,000 deaths annually (UN, 2023). The impacts of floods are significant and include economic, social, and environmental consequences, such as damage to infrastructure, displacement of communities, disruption of livelihoods, and degradation of ecosystems.  The Philippines is particularly vulnerable to flooding due to its geographic location, topography, climate, and land use. The country experiences an average of 20 tropical cyclones each year, bringing heavy rainfall and storm surges that trigger floods in low-lying and coastal areas. Additionally, rapid urbanization, deforestation, and inefficient drainage systems have increased the exposure and susceptibility of communities to flooding, intensifying the risks associated with these natural disasters. A descriptive study design is utilized to systematically collect data that accurately represents a specific population, situation, or phenomenon. This approach emphasizes answering questions such as what, when, where, and how, rather than exploring underlying causes.​  Study Participants:  The study will involve 50 respondents, categorized as follows:​  Barangay Kasiglahan, Rodriguez, Rizal: This barangay is situated in the municipality of Rodriguez (formerly Montalban), which, according to the 2020 census, has a population of 443,954, making it the most populous municipality in the Philippines. ​  Composition of Respondents:  Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (BDRRM) Members: 10 individuals​ Barangay Officials: 10 individuals​ Employed Barangay Residents: 30 individuals​ jmust.org This selection aims to gather diverse perspectives from community leaders, officials, and residents actively engaged in the barangay's development and daily operations. ​To conduct the study on flood experiences in Barangay Kasiglahan, Rodriguez, Rizal, the researchers implemented a structured methodology to ensure comprehensive data collection:​  Securing Permission: Prior to data collection, the researchers obtained the necessary permits from local authorities to conduct surveys within Barangay Kasiglahan. This step ensured ethical compliance and facilitated cooperation from the community.​ Contextual Background:  Barangay Kasiglahan has a history of severe flooding, notably during Typhoon Ulysses (Vamco) in November 2020, when floodwaters submerged homes up to their rooftops, leaving residents stranded and in urgent need of rescue. This event was among the worst floods since the village's establishment in 1999. ​ philstar.com  The village's location between the Marikina and Puray rivers contributes to its flood susceptibility. Studies have identified Kasiglahan Village as highly vulnerable to both flooding and earthquakes, raising concerns about its suitability for housing projects. ​   By systematically engaging with the community and collecting firsthand accounts, the researchers aim to provide valuable insights into the challenges faced by residents of Barangay Kasiglahan concerning flood risks and their implications.  Participant Recruitment: The research team collaborated with community leaders and barangay officials to invite participation from residents who have experienced flooding. This targeted approach aimed to gather insights from those directly affected by flood events.​  Survey Administration: Researchers distributed structured questionnaires to the selected participants, conducting face-to-face interviews to accommodate varying literacy levels and ensure accurate data collection.​  Data Collection: Completed questionnaires were collected promptly to maintain data integrity and facilitate timely analysis. The study on disaster risk reduction management (DRRM) effectiveness in flood control within Barangay Kasiglahan, Rodriguez, Rizal, yielded the following findings:​  Demographic Profile of Respondents:  Age: A majority were aged 51 and above.​ Gender and Marital Status: Predominantly married males.​ Educational Attainment: Most possessed a college-level education.​ Residency Duration: Over 10 years of residence in the barangay.​  Strengths: Effective in timely response during flood events.​ Weaknesses: Identified gaps in logistical support and overall preparedness.​ Challenges Encountered:  Economic Impact: Significant financial losses due to flooding.​ Traffic Management: Issues arising from lack of traffic discipline during floods.​ Infrastructure Deficiencies: Inadequate infrastructure contributing to flood-related problems.​ Proposed Mitigation Measures:  Real-Time Flood Warnings: Implement systems for timely flood alerts.​ Infrastructure Enhancements: Upgrade facilities to better withstand flood impacts.​ Community Drills: Conduct regular disaster preparedness exercises.​ Alternative Communication Channels: Establish diverse methods for disseminating information during emergencies.​ Public Awareness Campaigns: Educate the community on flood risks and safety protocols.​ Contextual Background:  Barangay Kasiglahan has a history of severe flooding. In November 2020, Typhoon Ulysses caused unprecedented floods, with residents describing it as the worst since the village's establishment in 1999. The floodwaters caught many off-guard, as nearby rivers overflowed, breaching dikes and inundating homes. ​  Additionally, studies have raised concerns about the suitability of Kasiglahan Village for housing projects due to its high vulnerability to both flooding and earthquakes. The area is traversed by the West Valley Fault System, capable of generating a magnitude 7.2 earthquake. ​  Addressing these challenges necessitates a comprehensive approach, combining immediate disaster response improvements with long-term infrastructural and community resilience strategies.