NATURE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION OF BITBIT RIVER IN NORZAGARAY BULACAN: BASIS FOR A PROPOSED IMPROVEMENT PLAN

Abstract

Bitbit River, located in Norzagaray, Bulacan, is a cherished destination for tourists, particularly families, riders, and bikers who enjoy swimming and the scenic surroundings. The river features a captivating 10-foot rock formation ideal for diving and a picturesque 100-foot bridge that attracts many photography enthusiasts. The research employs a quantitative approach with a descriptive design. Purposive sampling was utilized to select respondents—including tourists, community members, and barangay officials of Bitbit—resulting in a total of 130 participants. Data collection was conducted using survey questionnaires, and the gathered data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, and weighted mean as statistical treatments. The BitBit River in Norzagaray, Bulacan, plays a pivotal role in the livelihoods of local communities, serving as a vital water source for both domestic and agricultural purposes. However, its proximity to dams such as Angat and Ipo makes it susceptible to flooding, especially during heavy rainfall when excess water is released to prevent dam overflows. These flood events pose significant risks to the safety and well-being of residents, affecting their livelihoods and food security.​  The economic impact of natural disasters in the Philippines is substantial, often hindering poverty reduction efforts and exacerbating vulnerabilities among affected populations. Communities near the BitBit River are particularly vulnerable due to their dependence on agriculture and natural resources, which are highly susceptible to flood-induced damages. ​   To mitigate these risks, government and barangay officials are tasked with implementing comprehensive disaster preparedness and response strategies. This includes enforcing safety measures such as access restrictions during high-risk periods, providing early warnings, and ensuring the availability of evacuation routes and shelters. For instance, during the construction phase of the Angat Water Transmission Improvement Project, access restrictions were enforced in Sitio Bitbit to address community health and safety hazards, with affected residents being informed and provided with alternative access options. ​   Visitors to the BitBit River are also encouraged to adhere to local guidelines and regulations, especially during the rainy season when the risk of flooding is elevated. By staying informed about weather conditions and respecting safety protocols, for both residents and visitors can contribute to a safer environment, ensuring that the river remains a valuable and secure resource for all. The preservation of the BitBit River in Norzagaray, Bulacan, is influenced by various factors, including waste management challenges, inadequate infrastructure, and the impacts of climate change. Tourists often encounter issues related to waste disposal and a lack of essential services, which can detract from their experience and contribute to environmental degradation. The limited number of tourists exacerbates these problems, as there is insufficient revenue to support necessary facilities and services.​  Local communities express concerns about the absence of proper signage and the need for a rotating system of lifeguards to ensure safety. Addressing these issues is crucial for enhancing both the safety of visitors and the preservation of the river's natural resources.​  Barangay officials are encouraged to explore ecotourism initiatives as a means to promote conservation efforts and generate revenue. Ecotourism can provide sustainable income opportunities for local residents while fostering a collective responsibility for environmental stewardship. Establishing guidelines that balance tourism with the preservation of nature and cultural heritage is essential. For instance, the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) supports Schools of Living Traditions (SLTs) that educate youth about indigenous arts and crafts, promoting cultural preservation through non-formal, community-led learning. As of 2021, SLTs were included in the UNESCO Register of Good Safeguarding Practices, recognizing their role in safeguarding traditional knowledge and practices from the effects of modernization. ​  Implementing comprehensive waste management strategies, enhancing infrastructure, and promoting cultural education are vital steps toward preserving the BitBit River. By integrating these efforts, the community can safeguard the river's ecological health, enrich cultural heritage, and provide sustainable tourism experiences for visitors.