DEVELOPMENT OF SMART BUILDING EMERGENCY EVACUATION SYSTEM USING ESP32 WITH FIRE AND SMOKE SENSOR

Abstract

Recent advancements in smart building technologies have significantly improved safety and emergency management. One notable innovation is the Smart Building Emergency Evacuation System, which uses sensors and automation to enhance evacuation during fire and smoke incidents. Powered by an ESP32 microcontroller, the system integrates fire and smoke sensors, an automated solenoid lock, LED indicators, and a backup power supply. It continuously monitors environmental conditions, triggers alarms, and guides occupants toward safe exits, reducing confusion and improving evacuation efficiency. This thesis aims to demonstrate how such a system can strengthen safety and emergency response in modern buildings, offering a reliable solution for managing emergencies. This study will use experimental prototyping to develop and refine a concept and working model through interviews, purposive sampling, and a 5-point Likert scale. The process follows the prototyping model, which involves iterative testing and improvement until the prototype meets required standards. As stated by David Walker, each version of the prototype builds on the previous one, progressing toward the final product. Prototype experiments ensure clarity, testability, and consistent evaluation among users. The Smart Emergency Evacuation System, utilizing an ESP32 microcontroller and fire and smoke sensors, effectively detects hazards, triggers alarms, provides real-time notifications to building managers and responders, and guides occupants through safe evacuation routes. The system ensures reliability, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, with potential for future enhancements such as advanced sensors and cloud-based analytics. Developing a Smart Building Emergency Evacuation System using an ESP32 microcontroller and fire and smoke sensors marks a significant advancement in building safety. By providing real-time alerts, evacuation guidance, and scalable integration, the system enhances the overall efficiency of emergency response procedures. While challenges such as sensor calibration, network reliability, and advanced sensor integration remain, these can be addressed through continuous refinement and the adoption of emerging technologies.