Mathematics Word Problem-Solving Through a Collaborative Action Research

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

In this study, the researchers investigated the impact of explicit mathematical vocabulary instruction and substantive formative assessment feedback on third grade students' abilities to solve word problems in mathematics. The author worked together to observe, reflect, plan, and implement as part of a collaborative action research project. Once the first research cycle was completed, it was evaluated the interventions. Analysis of the qualitative data (interviews with students, observation and journal entries) and quantitative (surveys and exams) showed a significant improvement of students' word-problem solving abilities. Developing mathematical vocabulary enabled them to understand mathematical terms and requirements while providing feedback on problems assessment led to the improvement of the 'gap' in the process of problem-solving.

METHODS

We implemented the first action plan in the 3 classrooms during November 2011. The first step was to administer a pre-test to students. This pre-test asked students to write definitions for 11 mathematical terms. These interventions were intended to strengthen students' abilities to understand and use different mathematical terms. We had observed that in many cases, students performed incorrect actions due either to a lack of understanding of the terms or an understanding of the expression in mathematical language. This is particularly problematic when it comes to solving word problems.

RESULTS

The action research resulted that teachers thought students have difficulty in understanding and solving word problems, they need guidance during problem-solving and they lack the necessary skills to solve word problems. Open-ended responses included comments such as: Students have difficulty to understand mathematical terms, do not understand the language of mathematics. Students do not have the patience to read mathematical problems, they see mathematics as numbers rather than words.

DISCUSSIONS

It is important for students to have more opportunities to solve word problems, not only for accounting tasks but, more importantly, these problems allow them to connect mathematical concepts with real-life problems. Developing students' mathematical vocabulary helps students to understand the different words in mathematics, to express and communicate freely about mathematics, and to understand words and demands in word problems. Knowledge of various mathematical terms allows students to be better problem solvers.