Evaluation of AllelopathicImpact of Samanea saman (Acasia), Swietenia mahogani (Mahogany), Azadirachta indica (Neem) Leaves in Seed Germination of (Oryza sativa) Rice

Abstract

Seed priming is important for rapid, uniform germination, and the emergence of seeds. Since rice is the staple food for most Filipinos, seed tolerance, which is one of the properties of rice when it comes to its accumulation might be a crucial problem in the Philippines. Thus, I investigated the effect of Samanea saman(Acasia), Swietenia mahagoni (Mahogany), and Azadirachta indica(Neem) leaves in allelopathic impact in Oryza sativa (Rice) seeds regarding seeds germination, the speed of germination, and vigour index. Seven setups with varying concentrations were employed. Botanical leaves were identified, verified, and authenticated through taxon sampling. Twenty-five rice seeds with three replications were dipped in seven prepared treatments. Each crude botanical extracts were tested for qualitative phytochemical screening. Results showed that there was a significant difference among the seven setups regarding seeds germination, the speed of germination, and vigour index within 72 hours (p-level of0.0014; p-level of 0.0169; p-level of 0.0014). It was revealed that the inoculation of the rice seeds with Samanea saman significantly increased rice seed germination rate, vigour index, and speed of germination. Results showed that the selected botanicals are dose-dependent which means that the higher the concentration, the greater its effect on its: seeds germinated, the speed of germination, and vigour index. Phytochemical constituents present in the three botanicals are found to be alkaloids, coumarin, flavonoids, phenols, saponins and quinone. This study served its purpose for effective biological agents to enhance rice seed quality, which will increase crop yield planted particularly in the tropical regions.