The Potential of Mangifera indica (Mango) Leaf Extract for Anti-AngiogenesisUsing Duck Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay

Abstract

The formation of blood vessels (angiogenesis) plays a critical role in cancer since it serves as a supplier of oxygen and nutrients to growing tumours. Using duck chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM), I investigated the capacity of Mangifera indica to inhibit angiogenesis in terms of vascularity inhibition, the growth of eyes, and growth of the embryo. Fifty-four fertile duck eggs were incubated and grouped into three per treatment (negative control, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). On the 8th day of incubation, the eggs were windowed and inoculated with 0.03mL of different concentrations. These windows were reopened, transferred into Petridishes and photographed in 12, 14, and 16 days. The images obtained was analysed on ImageJ software and Angioquant for the changes that the botanical extract has brought to the angiogenesis process in the chorioallantoic membrane assay of the developing chick embryo. Arithmetic mean was employed for the observed experimentation.The mean values on the CAM vascularity inhibition in day 12, 14, and 16 are(39.72%, 59.12%, and 65.19%); (39.92%, 58.21%, 73.60%); (40.97%, 64.23%, 82.64%). It was revealed that the mean values on the length of the eye in day 12, 14, and 16 are(9.48, 8.95, 6.62, 6.05 mm); (8.32, 7.57, 6.55, 5.76mm); (8.07, 7.89, 7.24, 6.42 mm) respectively.The inhibition of the blood vessels, reduction of eyes, and embryo were dependent on the different concentrations of the crude ethanoic extracts of Mangifera indica, which suggests that Mangifera indica has potential as an anti-angiogenesis agent that might have a promising approach for anticancer therapy and other diseases.