The Effectiveness of a Makabuhay (Tinospora cordifolia) with Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) Body Wash Against the Mortality Rate of Brown Dog Ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

In the Municipality of Carmona, Cavite, one of the major problems of pet owners is the infestation of brown dog ticks. Browndog ticks (Rhipicephalussanguineus) can infest both animals and humans. Brown dog ticks can be a vector of different diseases which might infect humans such as Lyme Diseases, RMSF, and Tularemia. It has been proven thatMakabuhay(Tinosporacordifolia) stem extract is parasiticidal and insecticidal, as well as madrede cacao (Gliricidiasepium) leaves extract can be effective in terminating parasitic living things.

METHODS

The materials needed were gathered and prepared. Themakabuhayextract was collected by chopping and boiling the stem in 1000ml of distilled water for 10 minutes. The madrede cacao extract was prepared by boiling 500 leaves in a liter of water for 15 minutes. Theextracts were added in the solution in making the soap: body wash A with 50% ofmakabuhayandmadrede cacao extract, body wash B with75% ofmakabuhayand 25% ofmadrede cacao extract, body wash C 25% ofmakabuhayand 75% ofmadrede cacao extract. One hundred brown dog ticks were extracted which means there are 10 brown dog ticks per trial. The formulations were compared to a commercially-available body wash that have the same trials and repetitions.

RESULTS

After three trials of using the products, body wash A has a mortality rate of 60 in trial 1, 80 in trial 2, and 70 in trial 3, with a mean mortality rate of 70 while body wash B has a mortality rate of 60, 80, and 60 respectively with a mean mortality rate of 66.67. Body wash C has the highest mean of 73.33 having 70 mortality rates in trial 1 and 2, and 80 in trial 3. The same procedure was used in commercially-available body wash to determine the mortality rate of brown dog ticks. In trials 1 and 2, the mortality rate is 80 and for trial 3,is70. The mean mortality rate of brown dog ticks is 76.67. The mean of the three formulations and commercially-available body washes was compared to determine the significant difference of the products.

DISCUSSIONS

Findings shows that body wash C has the highest mean mortality rate among all formulation having 73.33. It also shows that as the amount of madrede cacao extract increases, the mortality rate of brown dog ticks also increases. Furthermore, all formulations have the same effectivity as the commercially-available body wash. The researchers conclude that the makabuhay stem and madrede cacao leaves extract can be used as an alternative body wash to eliminate brown dog ticks.