The Genetic Distances of Tank Goby (Glossogobius sp.) through a Mitochondrial DNA Sequencing: Its Implication to Conservation

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The Philippines is rich in aquatic resources, as it is surrounded by water, it is a home to numerous native and endemic marine and freshwater fish species (Manalang and Diaz, 2017). Since, fish is the most important source of human food; It is not just significant for human consumption but are also economically significant to the society.So, in order to protect and conserve the aquatic life, the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) issued Fisheries Administrative Order 233-1 in 2010 echoes RA 9147 or the wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001 which mandates "the State to conserve the country's wildlife resources and their habitats for sustainability." (BFAR, 2012).

METHODS

The methods used in this study are: Extraction of DNA Mitochondrion Gene from Glossogobius sp. tissues using Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (AGE). Kingfisher cell and tissue (Lane LP2.2-LP29.29) and CTAB method (LP12.12-LP13.13) were used as primers. Hence, AGE was run on a 1.2% agarose gel in 100V for 40mins with DNA marker 1kb plus ladder (Invitrogen). Genes were amplified by P CR, components that include genomic DNA, cytochrome B primers (forward and reverse), Taq buffer, DNA polymerase, and dNTP mix. Cycling parameters on 94°C 10 mins; 35 cycles of 94°C 30 secs, 50°C 45 secs, 72°C 45 secs; 72°C 10 mins; hold at 4°C thermal cycler. PCR products are viable for sequencing. It was followed by Cycle Sequencing where the random incorporation of fluorescently labelled chain terminator ddNTPs; components include amplicons, primers, and ABI BigDye® Terminator v3.1 Cycle Sequencing Kit. Capillary electrophoresis on the ABI 3730xl DNA Analyzer using a 50cm96-capillary array, POP7TM Polymer, and 3730xl Data Collection Software v3.1. Base calling on the Sequencing Analysis Software v5.4.Lastly, they were aligned using the L-INS-i algorithm implemented in the tool MAFFT.

RESULTS

Based from the data gathered it was found out that in terms of tree-based diversity the mean value of Lake Pandin is 0.03550131 while Laguna Lake is 0.0373526. Comparatively, this only implies that they are almost the same not only in terms of genetic distance but also in its divergent.

DISCUSSIONS

The results demonstrated that the tank goby must be conserved through translocation and establishment of its population that would enhance its habitat condition. Thus, educating and enhancing awareness of the local government with the community are strongly recommended.