Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Peel Ethanolic Extract as Potential Treatment Against Ascaridia galliin Native Chicken

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Nematodes are one of the major causes of the decreasing number of native chickens in the world. The most damaging type of nematodes commonly found in birds is the large roundworm or Ascaridia galli. It occurs worldwide, infecting not only chicken but also turkey and other domestic and wild birds (Jacob, 2015). This study was conducted to know if the pineapple peels’ ethanolic extract has the potential to treat Ascaridia galli in native chicken.

METHODS

Twenty-five (25) native chickens gathered from Naic, Ternate, and Magallanes, Cavite, were acclimatized for seven days at the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Taguig City. They were subdivided into five (5) groups with five (5) chickens per group (negative control, positive control, and treatment sample with doses of 250mg/kg/BW, 500mg/kg/BW, and 1000mg/kg/BW). Three kilograms of pineapple peels from 30 pineapples were extracted using 95% of ethyl alcohol. The extract treatment was given to the chickens based on their groups once a week for four weeks. The collected feces before and after the experimentation were counted using the McMaster egg counting technique.

RESULTS

The negative control at the baseline showed no parasites but at the endline, one native chicken has parasites. The positive control at the start of the experiment showed that four native chickens have parasites and zero parasites at the end. inthe treatment sample with a dose of 250 mg/kg/BW at the baseline, there were two native chickens with parasites and four native chickens with parasites at the endline. in the treatment sample with a dose of 500 mg/kg/BW, it showed three native chickens infected before and only two native chickens have parasites after. inits post-test, however, one native chicken had an increasing amount of EPG (Eggs Per Gram). The treatment sample with a dose of 1000 mg/kg/BW had three native chickens with parasites at first. The two of them with over a thousand EPG drastically decreased after the treatment. Among the treatment groups with different doses, 1000 mg/kg/BW shows the highest potential for there is a drastic change of EPG before and after.

DISCUSSIONS

To support the outcome given by the treatment sample with a dose of 1000 mg/kg/BW, a similar study also conducted doses at different values and the best outcome was approximately at 1000 mg/kg/BW, making it the best amount among all the doses given (Cormanes, 2016). Accordingto Wongrak (2015), the defect may involve the counting of eggs during the fecal examination.