EFFECTIVENESS OF KAMIAS (AVERRHOA BILIMBI) FRUIT AND LEAVES EXTRACT AS A NATURAL ITCH OINTMENT FOR MOSQUITO BITES

Abstract

The Philippines, being a tropical and biodiverse country, is home to a high population of mosquitoes. Mosquito bites often cause irritation and discomfort, prompting the need for effective and accessible itch treatments. Kamias (Averrhoa bilimbi), a tropical fruit native to Southeast Asia, possesses bioactive compounds such as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory substances that may help relieve mosquito bite irritation. This study aimed to develop an organic itch ointment derived solely from Kamias fruit and leaf extracts as a cost-effective alternative to commercial products. The study capitalized on the accessibility and affordability of Kamias, which can be easily obtained through backyard cultivation, addressing both convenience and economic concerns. An experimental research design was employed to determine the effectiveness of the Kamias fruit and leaf extract as a natural itch ointment for mosquito bites. The findings revealed variations in the physical properties and effectiveness of the itch ointments prepared using Kamias fruit and leaf extracts. The treatments differed in color, consistency, and odor. Treatment 4, which contained shea butter, had no noticeable scent, unlike Treatments 1, 2, and 3, which emitted a grassy aroma due to the presence of olive oil. The ointments provided varying degrees of itch relief, with relief times ranging from 13 minutes to 2 hours after application. Reapplication frequencies also differed, with Treatments 1 to 3 requiring three applications, while Treatment 4 required only two. Although Treatment 1 was effective, Treatment 4 resulted in less greasiness despite having the same Kamias content. Treatments 2 and 3 demonstrated lower effectiveness due to uneven solidification and reduced Kamias leaf extract content, respectively. The findings demonstrated that Kamias fruit and leaves contain a high concentration of bioactive compounds capable of relieving mosquito bite irritation. The formulation combining beeswax and shea butter with Kamias extract effectively reduced irritation and was rapidly absorbed into the skin. Among the treatments evaluated, the ointment containing beeswax, shea butter, and Kamias extract showed the most favorable results due to accurate ingredient proportions and optimal firmness, resulting in immediate itch relief upon application. Additionally, the inclusion of shea butter contributed to a well-balanced formulation by minimizing oiliness and eliminating undesirable odors.