Larvicidal Activity of Kawad Kawaran (Cynodon dactylon) Plant Extract Against Aedes albopictus

Authors

  • Victor Shanly Millan

Keywords:

:larvicide, Aedes albopictus, Kawad Kawaran, Cynodon dactylon

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Mosquitoes are the common insects that endanger health by spreading human diseases through bites. Millions of death worldwide every year is attributed to mosquitoes (Chzarmyn, 2014). Synthetic use of mosquito control agents is said to have an immediate action and more effective in recent times. However, studies showed that excessive use of synthetic chemicals has caused an alarming resistance and harmful effects on the human health and to nature. With these, the use of larvicides from plant extract is highly encourage (Brown, 1986). Its phytochemicals such as flavanoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, phytosterols, triterpenoids, alkaloids, ergonovine, and ergonovinine have insecticidal activities and larvicidal effects (Stuart, 2016).

 

METHODS

The experimental research design was used in this study. The plants were air-dried, minced, soaked in ethanol, filtered and underwent modified evaporation utilizing oil bath technique. The mosquito larvae, Aedes albopictus was subjected with the varying concentrations, 50%, 75%, and 100% of Kawad Kawaran (Cynodon dactylon) plant extract. The data gathered was computed using non-parametric tests, which was the Kruskal-Wallis Test to know if there was a significant difference among the varying concentrations and the control group.

 

RESULTS

In table 1 is the mean ranks of the mosquito larvae Aedes albopictus treated with the varying concentrations of Kawad-kawaran (Cynodon dactylon) and the commercial liquid. The test shows the mean rank in minutes of the samples in T1 is 5.60 and 5.40, T2 is 5.80 and 5.20 and T3 is 6.00 and 5.00 with a total mean rank of 5.80 and 5.20 for control and experimental group, respectively. In table 2 showed that value for Kruskal-Wallis is 7.600 (Kru=7.600, p<.022) the p-value which is 0.022 that is less than 0.05 level of significance.

 

DISCUSSIONS

The results showed that the experimental group has lesser mean rank the control group. It implies that the mosquito larvae Aedes albopictus treated with the varying concentrations ofKawad-kawaran (Cynodon dactylon) died earlier than the control group. In addition, the p-value is 0.022, which is less than 0.05 level of significance. This implies that there is significant difference on the larvicidal effect of the different concentrations of plant extract Kawad-kawaran (Cynodon dactylon) as compared to the commercial insecticide against Aedes albopictus. Furthermore, the extract can be an endemic alternative for the tested commercial product against the mosquito strain Aedes albopictus.

Published

2019-01-18