Coping Strategies and Adjustments of Teenage Mothers Before and After Giving Birth: A Phenomenological Study

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Teenage Pregnancy is a major cause of concern in the 21st century that involves teen mothers who did not undergo maturity in terms of their physical and psychological aspect. These mothers are the ones who experienced changes from adolescent period towards motherhood. This transition is a significant event for them (Salvador, 2016). The sense of responsibility of these teen mothers is tested during and after their pregnancy. Most studies emphasized on the causes and effects of pregnancy of teen mothers specifically their prevention. However, this study focuses on the coping strategies and adjustments of teen mothers.

METHODS

This study used phenomenology under the qualitative design. A semi-structured interview was conducted among six teenage mothers who were chosen through a snowball sampling technique. They were selected according to the following criteria: a) female, b) aged 10-19years old, c) has a child/ child, d) she has the custody of the child; e) willing to participate in the study (Manalang et. al, 2015). The thematic analysis was used in the study that involves the collection of data, coding of data, code validation, and identification of themes and finalizing the consolidated information (Boyatzis, 1998).

RESULTS

Results show that teenage mothers' coping strategies before giving birth are: (1) resiliency against societal forces, (2) optimism, and 3) being excited about seeing her child. After giving birth, the themes that formed are: 1) time management, (2) increased financial support of family, (3) balanced livelihood of both families, (4) optimism towards raising their child, and (6) focusing on their new-born. Teen mothers overcome their challenges through various efforts by numerous institutions such as family, school, and friends.

DISCUSSIONS

Teen mothers cope and adjust positively in spite of being in a situation they are not yet ready to face. Overall, teen mothers prioritize the welfare of their child more rather than themselves. The significant difference between their pregnancy and giving birth is that the effect of the phenomena translates these teen mothers to proper motherhood.