Heuristic Approach vs. Polya's Algorithm in Problem-Solving among Grade Seven Students

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Students find it difficult when it comes to solving word problems. They tend to start the solution of the problem and stop midway and end up without any answer or solution. This happens especially when the problem requires more than just the application of a rule or algorithm. This study explored the effectiveness of Heuristic approach against using Polya's algorithm in solving word problems in Mathematics.

METHODS

This study used the pretest-posttest experimental research method utilizing the matched pair design in determining the effectiveness of the heuristic approach and Polya's algorithm. It involves selecting groups, upon which a variable is tested, with a random selection process wherein individuals having the same level of mathematics ability were selected from five sections and grouped into two, the experimental and control group. The experimental group was taught using the heuristic approach in solving word problems, while the control group was taught using Polya's algorithm in solving word problems.

RESULTS

Comparison of post-test means by t-test for dependent samples revealed that the two groups were significantly different as shown by absolute t-value of 2.79 which is greater than the tabular value of 2.015 at 0.05 level of significance. The result shows that the students who were taught using the heuristic approach in solving word problems performed better than those who were taught using Polya's algorithm. It was evident during discussions of word problems in mathematics using the heuristic method that students were very interested and eager to draw the problem and follow a model or pattern in solving it. Since they came from the intermediate level where they were taught Polya's method in solving problems, they found heuristic approach as a new and easy process of solving word problems and as an alternative solution in dealing with difficult problems.

DISCUSSIONS

The result shows that Heuristic approach in solving word problems in mathematics is effective since students taught with it performed better than those taught using Polya's algorithm in solving word problems in mathematics. A heuristic approach in solving word problems in mathematics captures students' interest than Polya's algorithm in solving word problems in mathematics. It is suggested that teachers may adopt Heuristic approach to improve students' academic performance, and researchers may conduct a similar study in other areas of mathematics.